Demian And Desires Essays - Software, Gaming, First-person Shooters

Demian And Desires Essays - Software, Gaming, First-individual Shooters Demian And Desires Wants and Dreams In the story, Demian, wants assume a significant job. When Sinclaire follows his wants something great quite often comes out of it. When Sinclaire doesn't follow his wants and dreams something awful happens. For instance, when Sinclaire first became companions with Franz Kromer. Sinclaire had an awful inclination about Franz, yet overlooked it. Since he overlooked his longing and his inclination not to be companions with Franz, Sinclaire practically got deceived with the plantation episode. Sinclaire knew there was something terrible about Franz, he could detect it, however he disregarded the premonition and just got himself wrecked. Sinclaire cited, Side by side with this I lived in a universe of dreams and drives and wants of a chthonic sort Sinclaires sentiments end up being significant all through the story. Max Demian was a book brimming with gossipy tidbits. Individuals avoided him. Sinclaire saw something other than what's expected, something intriguing in Demian, in this way making the two chat and make companions. This relationship is one of the most significant in both of their lives. All in all, when Sinclaire follows his wants and emotions nearly everything will show up for the great. To tune in to the heart can be the best direction in ones life. This is the thing that I gained from this book.

The Role of Human Communication in the Society

Human correspondence includes connection between or among individuals. Different kinds of human correspondence incorporate relational, open, intrapersonal, and intercultural. This paper tends to three inquiries managing human communication.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on The Role of Human Communication in the Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Relationship disintegration alludes to the phase in relational correspondence when the securities holding individuals together debilitate (Pearson et al., 2006, p.99). Now, the two gatherings in the relationship are discontent with the present situation. The reasons for relationship decay incorporate having ridiculous desires from the relationship. Money related challenges, business related issues and outsider connections are likewise among the reasons for relationship weakening. Delineating is the phase in relationship crumbling portrayed by diminished connection, shorter time together and less p rofundity to sharing. At this stage, a couple may seem ordinary all things considered, yet correspondence between the couple is negligible. The couple will in general keep away from specific subjects of conversation thinking about them as an untouchable. The roadster barely imparts at this stage and in this way, it gets hard to tell what they feel about one another. The relationship at this stage starts to return to its shallow stages, and the couple loses enthusiasm for it. As the word portrays, every individual in the relationship begins to draw a hover around oneself. This circle does exclude the other individual and in this way, there is next to zero cooperation between the gatherings (Pearson et al., 2006, p.122). The couple doesn't share their emotions neither demonstrate any duty to the relationship. Now, the conspicuous matching is lessening. It is fundamental for the couple to reinvest in their relationship at this phase to abstain from losing the venture made to the organi zation before. The couple could get away, go for directing or plunk down and converse with rescue the relationship. Compelling listening is one of the most pivotal abilities that an individual ought to have so as to guarantee effective correspondence. To take care of complex issues in organizations and individual connections, it is significant to create powerful listening aptitudes. Compelling listening is more than hearing the verbally expressed words. It includes dissecting the significance of the messages verbally expressed, and concentrating on the individual talking as opposed to the words verbally expressed. A few boundaries influence compelling tuning in and incorporate ecological interruptions, close mindedness, preventiveness and pride among others (Pearson et al., 2006, p.134).Advertising Looking for report on correspondence systems? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the given situation, Ben prevents powerful listen ing in light of his pride. Ben accepts that other peoples’ feelings are invalid in the gathering meeting. He guarantees that since he has been accomplishing the labor for a long time, he realizes how to improve. This is pride and it upsets him from listening successfully to different individuals from the gathering. Pride includes a component where an individual doesn't esteem the different person’s assessments. An individual assumes control over the discussion since the individual in question accepts he has nothing to gain from different individuals from the gathering (Pearson et al., 2006, p.131). A glad individual has the demeanor that the individual is better than some other individual in that gathering is. This pride is the thing that Ben has from his remarks. It is an individual deterrent to compelling tuning in and prevents human correspondence. Moreover, pride includes a person’s connection to individual convictions and qualities. Individual convictions a nd qualities cloud a person’s thinking limiting compelling tuning in. Individuals will in general find just those perspectives that help their convictions and dispose of those that don't. With time, an individual joins oneself to a specific perspective and can't tune in to different people’s supposition influencing tuning in. Human correspondence is the procedure by which individuals seeing someone and gatherings use data to associate with each other and nature. This correspondence is valuable since it empowers individuals to see how organizations work. A few elements of human correspondence incorporate physical, character, social and functional needs. At the point when an individual recognizes something by uncovering how it functions, an individual is utilizing the viable capacity of human correspondence. The reasonable capacity empowers an individual to comprehend a circumstance better. This capacity empowers individuals to get themselves and their self-connection wi th others. This capacity is crucial in correspondence since it empowers individuals to comprehend the working of day by day assignments. In many associations, bosses urge their workers to use pragmatic relational abilities so as to accomplish the organization’s objectives (Pearson et al., 2006, p.143). Through commonsense correspondence work, it is conceivable to comprehend forms in the association and clarify their working. Also, it gets conceivable to comprehend the creation of the procedures however useful correspondence. Moreover, functional correspondence empowers an individual to comprehend what the procedures consists.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on The Role of Human Communication in the Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Further, down to earth correspondence empowers understudies in different establishments to impart viably. Useful correspondence empowers understudies to advance scholastically by examining circumstances in their scholarly work and giving arrangements. Correspondence through gathering conversations is conceivable in light of the fact that understudies use viable plans to create arrangements. Commonsense correspondence encourages collaboration among individuals in day by day exercises empowering comprehension of various circumstances. This capacity of correspondence is foremost in day by day cooperations since individuals can work successfully. Thusly, it is important for people in a correspondence procedure to be down to earth in their dealings to have the option to distinguish various circumstances and investigate them. Reference Pearson, J., Nelson, P., Titsworth, S., Harter, L. (2006). Human Communication with Learning Tool Suite. New York: McGraw-Hill. This report on The Role of Human Communication in the Society was composed and put together by client Marcel D. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

The Famous Architect Free Essays

Known as one of the most well known draftsman of all occasions Frank Lloyd Wright is a legend. The offspring of clergyman, â€Å"William Cary Wright and educator, Anna Lloyd Jones, Retrieved from http://engineer. engineering. We will compose a custom article test on The Famous Architect or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now sk/forthright lloyd-wright-engineer/candid lloyd-wright-designer. php † Frank Lincoln â€Å"Wright was conceived June 8, 1867 in Richland Center, Wisconsin. † Retrieved from http://design. about. com/od/wrightwebsites/Frank_Lloyd_Wright_Web_Sites. htm. He later changed his name to Frank Lloyd Wright after his folks separated. During his youth Frank and his family moved a few times. At 12 years old his family had â€Å"settled in Madison, Wisconsin, where he went to Madison secondary school. † Retrieved from http://design. about. com/od/wrightwebsites/Frank_Lloyd_Wright_Web_Sites. htm His â€Å"summers were spent on his Uncle James Lloyd Jones ranch in Spring Green, Wisconsin, here he understood his fantasy about being an engineer. † Retrieved from http://designer. rchitecture. sk/forthcoming lloyd-wright-designer/straight to the point lloyd-wright-engineer. php Without completing secondary school he left Madison in 1885 to work for Allan Conover, the Dean of the college of Wisconsin’s Engineering division. At the point when utilized at the University he went to two semesters of classes considering structural building. He moved to Chicago in 1887. At the point when Wright moved to Chicago, he worked quickly for an engineer. Soon after that he found an occupation as an artist for a firm with Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan. The Auditorium Building was the main venture with that firm; the structure was the biggest structure in Chicago of that time (1890). During the time he worked with Sullivan he planned a few houses remembering one for himself for Oak Park, Illinois with Sullivan’s partner, he remained utilized with Sullivan until 1893. Sullivan was not satisfied when he discovered that Wright was stretching out all alone and after only a couple of years this lead to a break between them; they didn't represent numerous years. In spite of the fact that they left from one another on terrible footing Wright had consistently felt. Instructions to refer to The Famous Architect, Papers

Explain How Education Promotes Individual Development - 275 Words

How Education Promotes Individual Development And Self Fulfilment (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Institutional Affiliation:Tutor:Date:How Education promotes Individual Development and Self-Fulfillment.Good education is the desire for every family in the world. The world believes that good education should be able to develop a childs personality and talents to the fullest. Education is perceived as a true reflection of cognitive development and self-fulfillment of a persons life. It should unleash and develop a childs potentials, capabilities and interest in every aspect of life. Therefore education in the modern societies should be viewed as a bridge to self-fulfillment which should develop talents and personalities among individuals and make them useful and transform their societies in the future CITATION Jul13 \l 1033 (Jullieflavia, 2013).Education creates and develops high self-esteem in an individual. It can be used as a tool to eliminate fear and shyness in an individual, create courage and confidence in approaching life issues CITATION Rob15 \l 1033 (Robert, 2015). Individuals should accept that making mistakes when learning is normal. Therefore they should not be mocked or laughed at but should be guided by giving them the right direction which will help unmask the hidden abilities and develop them fully. They should be given an assurance that mistakes are accepted and the only avenue towards discovering oneself.Teachers play a great part in ensuring that children develop fully when learning. They help the learner to discover and develop various talents and personalities either in school or outside the school. Teaching process should not be viewed as the role of teachers only but should involve parents, communities and the government in ensuring that the process is going on well. For example during the co-curricular activities like playing football or athletics, children may show various abilities. Its the responsibility of the teacher to note this ability and help the child to nurture and develop this talent fully. Through do ing this, we will be promoting education to fulfill its role in promoting individual development and self-fulfillment. It should have well guided goals and objectives CITATION Joh08 \l 1033 (John, 2008)Good education system in any country is the key to economic growth and development. A countrys prosperity and development depends on how well the education systems are. Best education systems promote national unity, moral development and social cohesiveness among individuals and nations CITATION PIC00 \l 1033 (PIC, 2000). Therefore education should be viewed as a vehicle of social change and development in the society.For the education sector to fulfill its role we should consider many parameters. First we should check our education systems and see whether they are imparting the right knowledge and skills to individual. We should understand that the world and the level of technology are improving and therefore, necessary reforms should be enhanced in education sector to march the le vel of technology. To succeed this, a lot of investments should be made towards the education systems. We should show our commitments toward achieving good education system which is accessible to everybody as one of the millennium goals as outlined by the United Nations.Education inculcates relevant social norms, beliefs and social behaviors which help an individual develop and become self-ind...

A Research On The Nursing Field - 1716 Words

Hey you LPN, Can you get the nurse I have a question to ask them? A common phrase heard in the nursing world and often makes the LPN feel inadequate and frustrated. The nursing field is one that is rich in history and diversity. The registered nurse has been the backbone of the nursing world for many years; however, many people recognize the license practical nurse or license vocational nurse particularly in the geriatric community. LPN/LVN in this setting perform many of the same tasks as the RN, yet is paid less and given much less respect. The LPN makes up the majority of the workforce when working in the geriatric rehabilitation setting and deserves to be treated as equals with the RN. The Scope of Practice, education given to both†¦show more content†¦To a large degree, this was because the RN had more training and is accepted to be educated than the LPN, however many LPNs with experience and additional education are often significantly better nurses. It is often highl y recognized that nursing is a profession based on experience and knowledge. Often the knowledge is gained from experience thus the skilled nurse is one with a significant amount of experience. Today much of nursing is based on evidenced based practices, which is performing procedures and tasks based on what is known will produce the greatest positive outcome (Jyothi, 2012). The next part of understanding why the LPN should be treated equally with their counterpart the RN, understanding the differences in scopes of practice. This paper will specifically be referring to the Florida scope of practice, largely in part due to personal experience and the huge LPN population in Florida. According to LPN.com (2014), there are approximately 43,350 working LPN in the state of Florida. LPN s as previously reported are the backbone of the geriatric population, and Florida has nearly 20 million people over 60, or 23 percent(ADRC, 2017). The LPN scope of practice in Florida differs in many ways to the RN. The RN is responsible for the initial assessment of the patient (FBON, 2005), however often when caring for this population, the patient is often being seen in the past for similar orShow MoreRelatedA Research On The Field Of Nursing880 Words   |  4 PagesSometimes all a sick child wants is his or her parent, and all a parent wants is a good nurse. I have chos en to pursue a career in the field of nursing, with a focus in pediatrics. Pediatrics is branch of medical care dealing with matters related to children. It is the responsibility of a registered nurse in any field to ensure that quality assurance procedures are precisely applied and followed during all phases of patient care. Quality assurance procedures are deliberate procedures that haveRead MoreFocused Clincal Research Questions in the Field of Nursing Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesFocused Clinical Research Questions Discovering new information applicable to the field of nursing begins by asking a focused clinical research question. According to Stone (2002), asking the appropriate question is essential for the research process that follows. Although there are countless nursing problems that are worth investigating, it is imperative to narrow the focus of the problems so they can be empirically tested (Adams, 2012). Personal clinical experience, professional literature, previousRead MoreThe Importance Of Nurses Reading And Critiquing Research About The Nursing Field1854 Words   |  8 Pagespurpose of nurses reading and critiquing research about the nursing field is to gain a better understanding of the research topic and to evaluate if this research will be effective in every day practice. Nursing is always evolving and changing, so it is important to keep up to date research on certain methods and practices used in the healthcare field. Article Summary Infection control and precautions is a major aspect when working in the health care field. Nurses and all other healthcare professionalsRead MoreChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( Copd )1396 Words   |  6 Pagesmanages it. Medical researchers have conducted novel research to observe the effectiveness of smoking cessation on COPD patients, while some have summarized and analyzed previous research to recommend involvement of nurses in intervention programs. The main aim of research in this field is to measure the severity of the disease and analyze the possible effective ways of reducing the harsh effects of smoking in COPD patients. Research in this field also draws scholarships from broad topics like useRead MoreGrand Theory Critique1369 Words   |  6 Pagesrealm of nursing. Orlando was born in 1926 and had a diverse nursing career which involved many titles and roles within the profession. Originally she received her diploma of nursing in 1947 at the New York Medical Col lege. Over the years Orlando continued her education and in 1954 earned her Master’s degree in mental health consultation from Columbia University. Orlando worked as a staff nurse in many different areas of nursing and as a graduate of a Master’s program participated in research at YaleRead MoreUnderstanding The Need For Nursing Informatics1393 Words   |  6 Pages Understanding the Need for Nursing Informatics Brandon R. Pascual El Camino Collegeâ€Æ' Abstract Nursing is a very diverse discipline. At present, the science of nursing continues to have major advancements through the use of technology. It plays an important role in education and nursing work (Darvish, A., et al., 2014). The need to study the role of nurses and highlight appropriate information technology (IT) education programs to integrate with the ever increasing pace of scientific andRead MoreGender Differences Between Associate And Baccalaureate Degree Levels1639 Words   |  7 Pages While the nursing field continues to flourish in today’s job market,it is also experiencing a massive shortage. Despite this alarming fact, according to Buerhaus (2008): â€Å" Of the estimated 2.24 million RNs in the nursing workforce in 2006, 200,000 were men (8%)† (p. 2424). In order to alleviate the nursing shortage, nursing schools must allure men into the field by eliminating the feminization of the profession and appealing to a diverse demographic who choose to pursue a career in a femaleRead MoreHistory of Nursing595 Words   |  3 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material History of Nursing Research Worksheet There have been many influential publications, agencies, and people in the field of nursing research. Write 1–3 sentences in each cell of the table below to describe the importance, goal, or influence of each item. |Publications |First publication date and importance: | |Nursing Research |Firstpublished:1952Read MoreGender Differences Between Associate And Baccalaureate Degree Levels1637 Words   |  7 Pages While the nursing field continues to flourish in today’s job market,it is also experiencing a massive shortage. Despite this alarming fact, according to Buerhaus (2008): â€Å" Of the estimated 2.24 million RNs in the nursing workforce in 2006, 200,000 were men (8%)† (p. 2424). In order to alleviate the nursing shortage, nursing schools must allure men into the field by eliminating the feminization of the profession and appealing to a diverse demographic who choose to pursue a career in a female dominatedRead MoreRecent Changes in the Nursing Profession Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThere have been many changes (major and minor) in the nursing profession and the medical field, as a whole, over the years. Some of these changes include changing demographics and increasing diversity, tec hnological explosion, the cost of health care, and significant advances in nursing science and research. Major socioeconomic changes created this drive to make transformations in nursing and institutions. These institutions are the ones that are responsible for educating the next generation of nurses

The Battle Of Adolf Hitler And Joseph Stalin - 1917 Words

Introduction Operation Uranus took place November 1942 around the city of Stalingrad. The German sixth Army, fourth Panzer Division, and its supporting allies had been attacking Soviet forces in and around Stalingrad since August 1942. Many historians think Adolf Hitler viewed a win in Stalingrad as a political and symbolic defeat of the Soviets. During a meeting with Joseph Stalin in September 1942, Generals Vasilevsky, and Zhukov noted that the German sixth Army and the fourth Panzer Division flanks were thin and poorly equipped. The Generals came up with a pincer offensive attack designed to surround the German sixth Army and its subordinate commands in the city of Stalingrad. It took the Soviet Army 4 days to surround the Germans. Once the Soviets surrounded the Germans, they began to compress the German forces into the city, cutting off their supply channels and ultimately resulting in the German 6th Armies surrender. History On August 23rd 1939 Germany and the Soviet Union agreed, and signed a ten-year nonaggression pact. During the signing of the nonaggression pact, Adolph Hitler and Joseph Stalin held secret meetings and agreed to split Poland after its capture. Less than two weeks later, on September 1st 1939, Adolph Hitler Orders the German army to invade Poland from the north, in what many believe was the actual start of World War II. After the invasion of Poland, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany. On September 17th 1939, Stalin ordersShow MoreRelatedAdolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin1033 Words   |  5 PagesAdolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin are two of the most sadistic dictators of the past century. They both reigned terror in Europe during World War II. Fueled by rage and anger, Hitler and Stalin rose to power and exploited their beliefs throughout Germany and Russia. Stalin turned Russia into a Communist country while Hitler was turning Germany against Jews. The leadership of these d ictators brought death and fear to many who opposed them. Hitler and Stalin both shared deprived childhoods, vicious fathersRead More Postion Paper: Who Was More Carzed Stalin Or Hitler1586 Words   |  7 PagesCrazed: Stalin or Hitler? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The obviously more crazed man was Joseph Stalin. Stalin was more crazed because over his time and rule, he killed millions upon millions more people that Hitler. Joseph Stalin is also more crazed because he did not kill other people he was racist against, but simply because he wanted to kill. The book Hitler and Stalin: Parallel Lives, states quot; Adolf Hitlers actions can not even be compared to the monstrous actions of Joseph Stalinquot;Read MoreA Totalitarian State Of The Soviet Union1552 Words   |  7 Pagespowerful, crucial leaders to date. All of the leaders have something in common, they all wanted power. They all realized that with power comes great responsibility, they gave themselves too much responsibility. Joseph Stalin, the dictator of the Soviet Union created fascism. Adolf Hitler, the leader of Germany created the Nazi Party. Benito Mussolini, the leader of the Italy was a part of the communist party. Francisco Franco, the leader of Spain o verthrew the democratic republic in 1939 and SpainRead MoreThe Tactics Of The German Army1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe Germans constructed trenches, barricades, and other protection measures to ensure their stronghold in Berlin. This became the final preparations for the city and waited for the Soviets advancement. The Soviets knew the key to success in large battles by using major firepower in order to eliminate the enemy. Field Artillery was a key factor in this strategy by providing the massive barrages into the city and taking down supply planes and closing supply routes. The Soviets planned the attack aboutRead MoreHitler Vs. Stalin : A Politically Influenced Era1289 Words   |  6 PagesBre Greene Mrs. Bartel English 9 16 April 2015 Hitler vs. Stalin The mid 1900s was a very politically influenced era. Many affairs were going on at this time, and many leaders were stepping up for their countries. Two leaders in particular were Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin. These two dictators made some of the biggest impacts in history. The impacts made were far from positive. They wiped out whole groups of people and civilizations in hopes to gain power for their country. These two combinedRead MoreThe Great Purge Of The Cold War1658 Words   |  7 Pages Joseph Stalin’s determination greatly affected his leadership and led to the beginnings of the Cold War. His determination allowed him to rise to power and destroy all opposition against his reign. The Great Purge, one of the greatest terrors in history, was also done due to his determination to stay in power. This same determination led to, as well as shaped, a large quantity of the events of World War 2. His leadership was similar to the leadership of Adolf Hitler, yet because of his determinationRead MoreWhat Were The Consequences That Erupted After The Pact Between Hitler And Stalin?1947 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction What were the consequences that erupted after the pact between Hitler and Stalin? The results of the pacts between Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin were betrayals and battles, which changed the course of the war. If not for the striking similarities between the two dictators, which led to their downfall, the Axis, Germany, Italy and Japan,would have had the opportunity to win the largest war in recent history; however, due to the occurrence of the betrayal on Hitler’s behalf, the warRead MoreWorld War 2 Paper1057 Words   |  5 PagesReich already. The driving force was unquestionably Hitler, who wanted war and racial domination. But argument rages about the wider background, the political, cultural and economic climate which allowed Hitler into power to begin with. II. Major events and personalities MAJOR EVENTS: The Battle of Britain- Later in the summer of 1940, Germany launched a further attack on Britain, this time exclusively from the air. The Battle of Britain was Germany’s first military failure, as theRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles After World War I Ended957 Words   |  4 Pagesworkers went on a strike. In August 1939, Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin, Soviet leader, signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact. The pact stated that the two countries agreed to not take military actions against each other for ten years. The aggression pact was signed because â€Å"Hitler had long planned an invasion of Poland, a nation to which Great Britain and France had guaranteed military support if it was attacked by Germany.† (History.com). Adolf Hitler looked at the pact to guarantee him anRead MoreStalin s Regime Of The Soviet Union1418 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Stalin was a ruthless dictator who killed millions of his own people. Stalin maneuvered his way through the ranks until he was the leader of the Communist party. He then proceeded to attempt to gain complete control on the country through the government. Stalin was involved in World War II with Germany until Hitler turned on Stalin. In the end, all Joseph Stalin accomplished was tearing apart the U.S.S.R. Stalin rose to power by moving up the ranks while Lenin was in control of the Soviet

Renal Disease and its Aspects-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Please Explain why Hypertension causing Kidney Disease. Compare two Options for treatment. Answer: This essay focuses on the pathophysiology, clinical symptoms and treatment procedures of end stage renal disease with respect to the medical reports of a patient. Relationship between pathophysiology and clinical symptoms- The patient is suffering from end stage kidney disease in which the kidneys barely function. In case of end stage renal failure, the rennin-angiotensisn-aldosterone-system (RAAS) gets abnormally upregulated. The enzyme rennin cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II. Upregualtion of RAAS leads to increase in the production of angiotemsin II. There is an increase in intra-glomerular pressure. Hypertension, glomerulonephritis and diabetes are the most common cause of this condition (Jha et al., 2013). Increase in blood pressure leads to thickening of the vasculature (Coresh et al., 2014). The protein metabolism products begin to accumulate in the blood when the kidney stops functioning. This leads to waste buildup. With decline in kidney function, urea begins to accumulate and leads to a condition uremia. Accumulation of fluids in the body leads to edema (swelling of tissues) (Tomino, 2014 ). The other most common symptoms are increase in blood pressure (more than 120/80 mmHg), elevation of potassium levels in blood (greater than 5.0 mmol/L), hyperphosphatemia (reduction in phosphate excretion), hypocalcemia, higher creatinine volume due to low glomerular filtrate, calcification of vascular tissues. Failure to excrete excess amounts of potassium leads to an increase in its levels. This condition is called hyperkalemia. This increased level manifests itself in the form of numbness, weakness, nausea and slow pulse. Excess potassium levels make a patient more prone to cardiac arrest. Decrease in urine output (720 mL/ day compared to 800-2000 mL/day) is another major symptom. Abnormally elevated levels of serum creatinine (825 compared to 135 micromol/L) is a direct consequence of low glomerular filtration rate. Obesity is a major risk factor in case of chronic kidney disease. It is also associated with a high heart rate (HR- more than 80 bpm), crackels in the lungs (Gans evoort et al., 2013). Chronic kidney disease also causes muscle fatigue and makes a patient feel exhausted. This is due to failure in proper oxygen circulation in the body. Signs of depression are extremely common in such patients. Several studies have established links between depression and uremia. The patient has normal sodium levels in the blood. However, a sodium rich diet will increase complications in the body. This disease is also associated with uremic pruritus. The patients suffer from itching syndrome. The normal hemoglobin count ranges from 130-180 g/L. However, a renal patient suffers from anemia (low red blood cell count). Certain psychiatric issues like agitation, palpitation, malaise and somnolence may also develop in case of extreme renal failure. Therefore, the symptoms and biochemical test reports of the patient in this case study are manifestations of kidney failure. Relationship between medical history and renal condition- The patient has a medical history of hypertension, depression and seasonal rhinitis. Hypertension is a leading cause of end stage renal failure. The blood vessels in the body are damaged due to high blood pressure (Hall et al., 2014). The arteries become narrow and hard. Therefore, there occurs a reduction in blood supply to the kidneys. The nephrons do not get nutrients and oxygen in adequate amounts and the balance of salts, acids and hormones in the blood gets disturbed. Kidney failure often leads to development of allergic symptoms like runny nose, which resemble rhinitis conditions. Seasonal rhinitis is a nasal tract inflammation that occurs during specific periods of the year. It is caused due to hypersensitive reactions to pollens, weeds, spores or grasses. There is a close relationship between chronic kidney failure and symptoms of depression. The possible cause for this association might lie in the fact that depressio n leads to inflammation in the body and such inflammations accelerate the progress of kidney failure (Tomino, 2014). A study suggests that depression is more prevalent in patients who are on the fifth stage of chronic kidney failure (end stage kidney disease). The patient also shows a history of alcoholism and smoking. Prolonged smoking reacts with drugs used to treat hypertension and reduces the flow of blood to the kidneys. It also increases the risks of cardiac attacks in people suffering from hypertension. This worsens their condition. The patient also reports consuming 6 stubbies of heavy beer every week. Excess consumption of alcohol interferes with the kidneys ability to filter blood. It also disturbs the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. It leads to hepatorenal failure and liver cirrhosis. It also increases blood pressure, which is again associated with chronic kidney damage. Therefore, it can be stated that the patients medical and social history have aggravat ed his renal failure. Management of end stage renal failure- Several treatment options are available, which help in reversing the function of damaging kidneys and purifying the blood. Most patients with end stage renal disease are treated with hemodialysis and renal transplantation (Liyanage et al., 2015). In hemodialysis, an artificial kidney machine or dialyzer is used to restore the balance of electrolytes and to purify the blood. The walls of the dialyzer are made up of cellulose (semi-permeable membrane) and contain pores of different sizes. Solute diffusion across the semi-permeable membrane is its basic mechanism. This membrane separates the two compartments inside the machine (one for washing the fluids, the dialysate compartment and other for blood purification). The concentration gradient across this membrane is maintained by counter-current mechanism (Robinson et al., 2016). Alteraton of hydrostatic pressure inside the dialysate compartment leads to ultrafiltration. Blood from the patient is se nt to the machine by a synthetic graft or an arteriovenous fistula in one arm. The purified blood is returned to the person through the same arm. Hemodialysis is of different types depending on the severity of the disease. Patients can opt for in-centre hemodialysis, daily home hemodialysis or nocturnal home hemodialysis. Certain complications and risks are associated with this procedure. The hand with the arteriovenous fistula can experience some numbness, which can lead to a condition called steal syndrome (Coresh et al., 2014). Other complications like formation of aneurysm, narrowing or clotting of the vessel may also occur. Infection and bleeding are prevalent risks. It creates some adverse mental effects like fatigue, anxiety, depression and increased vulnerability to suicide on the patient as well. Renal transplantation is another effective treatment option. Its success depends on the medical conditions of the kidney donor (Liyanage et al., 2015). A functional kidney is inser ted in the lower portion of the abdomen and connected with the urinary bladder and blood vessels (Muzaale et al., 2014). Several immunosuppressants are prescribed to the patient, which will prevent the immune system from rejecting the donated kidney. Transplantation is considered more effective than hemodialysis and shows better survival chances. Its major complications are abscesses in the walls of the abdomen, abdominal hernia, urinary fistulae and rejection by immune system. Cognitive behavioral changes and depression are associated with this method. Therefore, it can be concluded from the essay that there are several factors which increase the risk of end stage renal disease. The electrolyte balance in the body gets disturbed and the person has to opt for rigorous treatment procedures. References Coresh, J., Turin, T. C., Matsushita, K., Sang, Y., Ballew, S. H., Appel, L. J., ... Green, J. A. (2014). Decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate and subsequent risk of end-stage renal disease and mortality.Jama,311(24), 2518-2531. Gansevoort, R. T., Correa-Rotter, R., Hemmelgarn, B. R., Jafar, T. H., Heerspink, H. J. L., Mann, J. F., ... Wen, C. P. (2013). Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: epidemiology, mechanisms, and prevention.The Lancet,382(9889), 339-352. Hall, M. E., do Carmo, J. M., da Silva, A. A., Juncos, L. A., Wang, Z., Hall, J. E. (2014). Obesity, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease,7, 75. Jha, V., Garcia-Garcia, G., Iseki, K., Li, Z., Naicker, S., Plattner, B., ... Yang, C. W. (2013). Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives.The Lancet,382(9888), 260-272. Liyanage, T., Ninomiya, T., Jha, V., Neal, B., Patrice, H. M., Okpechi, I., ... Rodgers, A. (2015). Worldwide access to treatment for end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review.The Lancet,385(9981), 1975-1982. Muzaale, A. D., Massie, A. B., Wang, M. C., Montgomery, R. A., McBride, M. A., Wainright, J. L., Segev, D. L. (2014). Risk of end-stage renal disease following live kidney donation.Jama,311(6), 579-586. Robinson, B. M., Akizawa, T., Jager, K. J., Kerr, P. G., Saran, R., Pisoni, R. L. (2016). Factors affecting outcomes in patients reaching end-stage kidney disease worldwide: differences in access to renal replacement therapy, modality use, and haemodialysis practices.The Lancet,388(10041), 294-306. Tomino, Y. (2014). Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic kidney disease: a review of our recent basic and clinical data.Kidney and Blood Pressure Research,39(5), 450-489.

Modern Technology - Good or Bad free essay sample

Modern Technology – Good or Bad? As I scroll through the daily Facebook status updates of all my friends, I noticed yet another friend of mine declared her yearning for an Iphone, promoting and ranting the many uses of it and how will the gadget improve her life. Notifications and ringtones indicate the overflowing of messages and emails into my inbox. One particular email catches my attention. Rather than the usual advertisements and spam mails, this one is special, bearing the title: â€Å"Modern Technology – Good or Bad? I strongly believe that modern technology is undeniably good because it makes our lives easier. By the way, what exactly is technology? Modern technology is machinery that makes life easier, ranging from powerful automobiles to high definition televisions to super computers and tiny microchips. For example, the recently introduced high-speed fiber-optic communication quickening and enhancing the internet speed by folds, microwave ovens cook food easily without using stoves and making a big mess. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Technology Good or Bad? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In short, modern technology plays a vital and important role in improving the quality of our lives. The never-ending evolving of technologies is the core of our society, making contributions to various fields in the world. It has been a key component for humans from the beginning of time and will continue well into the future. I believe everyone agrees with that. In the field of medicine, technology advances in medical care creates modern treatment methods and highly developed technological procedures.Other than that, rather than just using kinky shovels to dig holes during the olden days, construction technology now already are making breakthroughs by building man-made islands and complex architectural structures. Even in the education field, modern technology works its part by revolutionizing classroom teaching simply by putting computers and gadgets into the classroom. No one could ever imagine one single day without modern technology.The absence of countless creations of technology, ranging from high-tech devices all the way to normal household gadgets, altogether will create a huge unimaginable disaster. In worst case, we will probably all become cavemen and live life by fighting others with big clubs, eventually become cannibals with no sense of humanity at all. Now, maybe I am exaggerating too much. But I believe that my statement made some sense that we all would become cavemen without modern technology. In conclusion, technological advances in this modern world really are simply incredible.Of course, everything in this world has two sides. If misused, modern technology could easily be exploited and cause great damage to the society, nation and even the world. Nuclear weapons which cause enough damage that could last for years; illegal hackers gaining excess to prohibited places in the World Wide Web, leaking important information to the wrong hands; and also terrifying terrorists terrorizing the public by using powerful firearms. So, it is proven that the usage of modern technology must be controlled and monitored closely. If done, modern technology would do no harm but deeds no mankind.

Beauty Essays

Beauty Essays Beauty Essay Beauty Essay The concept of beauty is a controversial issue in today’s look-oriented modern society as the media constantly tries to give it a set definition. Motivated by material profit, television programs, glamorous magazines, and fashionable websites often provide their own distorted image of the perfect human being. However, due to the fact that it is a subjective and relative concept, beauty is indefinable and therefore an unreachable and utopian ideal. The idea of beauty has undergone a great amount of changes over time, and as a result it is indefinable and almost impossible to give a completely factual definition. What people considered to be beautiful years ago no longer pertains to today’s modern society. These changes can be seen especially through the changes in the preferences of the female body image. During the Victorian Era, women were considered beautiful if they were plump and full-figured, as it was a sign of their wealth. Oftentimes they wore tight corsets that made their waists unrealistically thin while accentuating their hips, breasts, and buttocks. However at the start of the 1900’s being slender became more fashionable, as women were encouraged to be more physically fit and the idea of the â€Å"Gibson Working Girl† was created as the epitome of physical attractiveness. During this time period women often bound their breasts in order to create a more slender appearance. By the 1950’s â€Å"beautiful† women were thin and had a large bustline, like Mariyln Monroe who was a size sixteen. In today’s western modern society the perfect and ideal weight of women involves being skinny and having large breasts, which is normally achieved through cosmetic surgeries such as liposuction and breast implants. Like the ideal image of beauty is unobtainable because it changes over time, it is also relative because it varies between cultures. Different cultures have varying definitions of beauty depending on their societal trends and traditions, making it impossible to have a set designation for the term. People often go through a great amount of trouble in order to fit in with their own culture’s unique definition of beauty. In Asian cultures it is considered attractive to have pale skin, and many Asians often wear sun masks or carry parasols to avoid coloration. Some even powder their faces in order to make their complexion paler and thus more â€Å"attractive†. In Western civilizations like America, perfect skin is often characterized as being tan, and many Americans often risk their own health by visiting tanning salons. Americans also use expensive bronzers and fake tanning sprays that give their skin a more golden color. Cultural differences of beauty can even be traced back to the Native Americans who tightly bounded their heads with cloth in order to elongate their skulls. Similar to variations among cultures, definitions of beauty are also subjective as they can also differ among individuals. Beauty is a relative ideal as its meaning differs among individuals. While some may view beauty as based on inner traits such as personality, intelligence, confidence, grace, charm, and elegance, others may believe that it is only physical factors that make a person attractive. People’s perceptions of beauty are often reflected in their fashion styles and depicted in the clothes that they wear. Many strive to create their own unique style which shows their individual opinion on what they perceive as alluring. One person may find that a leopard print jacket, a yellow tank top, and pink polka dot shorts are beautiful, while another could disagree entirely. Each person is entitled to their own beliefs. Beauty cannot have a set definition, or else it would ruin the natural sanctity of human individual uniqueness. Its value can only be determined at a personal level. True beauty comes from within a person and is an expression of a person’s own identity. Although beauty is relative because it varies among individuals, many people still try to achieve it through pointless and risky cosmetic surgery, and unsafe diets. While beauty is subjective as it often changes throughout time, among cultures, and varies between individuals, many still make the choice to undergo irreversible surgeries in order to artificially make themselves more attractive. Science is placed above nature, as people destroy their bodies in order to feel a small and most likely temporary sense of attractiveness. The website beauty101. org defines beauty as â€Å"a characteristic of a person, place, object or idea that provides a perceptual experience of pleasure, meaning or satisfaction;† By this definition painful cosmetic surgery and rueling fad diets go against the ideals of beauty as they typically are not pleasurable, are meaningless, and overall are unhealthy. There is no point in cutting a totally healthy body, and cosmetic surgery takes away from appearances given to humans by nature. Unhealthy eating decisions also contribute to the distortion of the ideas of beauty, and in a study conducted by the South Carolina Department of Mental Heath, it was concluded that around eight million Americans every year struggle with the hardships that come with an eating disorder. Beauty is ubiquitous, and people need to embrace that everyone is beautiful in their own unique way.

Technological Convergence in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Technological Convergence in Business - Essay Example In addition, it can be observed that one of the majority productive benefits that latest technology has provided in interpersonal and e-communication aspects of business department now is definitely the pace of communication among businesses. Since the time required in initiating and getting communication from diverse business units has lessened during the previous few decades. Thus, this thing just confirms that since latest technology progresses, with the pace of the business communication capabilities having great influence on interpersonal communication aspects (Free Articles Directory., 2011). This paper will discuss how key technological events in the last century have changed the way business communication is done by the businesses. Overview During the previous few years, people’s way of communication has altered extremely. Latest technologies which were on the bounds have turned into adamantly a majority. In this e-communication era the development of the internet tech nology has been contrasted with the discovery of the printing-press with respect to its basic affect on how business information is created, utilized and distributed across the world. In addition, this worldwide system and its connected technologies have had an immense influence on business communications, and, next to this, evolutions in the areas of digital imaging technology, digital information processing and storage, and development computerization have expressed again how businesses communicate at every phase of the development (Moukoko, 2011). Moreover, at the moment in this competitive environment every business (regardless of its nature and size) enjoys some type of web based or online existence, offering their clients access to a strong and unlimited client support. Currently, the United Kingdom invests 30 billion yearly on online businesses. In this scenario, e-commerce structures imply that clients are able to buy products and valuable services by clicking a button, and that the company is able to design an impressive performance of client actions. The entire of these technology based evolutions have modernized business communications approximately further than conviction. These capabilities have enhanced interpersonal skills and electric communication in business infrastructure. Furthermore, to improvise business interpersonal skills and e-communication the technology of social networking is possibly the majority modern exhortation within business communications. At the present, companies know that websites similar to Twitter and Facebook are advertising areas they are able use, as well as that they may perhaps as well utilize these websites for networking purposes in addition to clients’ dealings. Thus, due to massive innovations in technology business communications has altered much, and will persist to act as technology develops (Moukoko, 2011). In this era technology looks to be overexcited because of steady developments. Innovative tec hnologies are being introduced continually, as well as the influence this can have upon the field of business communication is immense. Since technology persists to go ahead, it is imperative to appreciate the implication of technology inside the area of business communication. In the business communication technological convergence brought following innovations: (eHow, 2011; McGrath, 2008; Management Study Guide, 2011) Pace Because technology has developed a

Peer To Peer File Sharing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Peer To Peer File Sharing - Essay Example People like it ‘free’ when it comes to downloading from the internet. As internet is normally meant for sharing of information, the concept is hardly hit as the copyright material are also made available online by various file sharing websites inflicting huge monetary losses to the companies. Hummel, Lechner and Eikemeier (n.d. p.1) mentioned that peer to peer (p2p) seems to be synonym for the popular sharing of music and other kinds of digital data and the concept is definitely liked by the consumers which is evident from the fact that Napster, one popular p2p application, reaching 50 million user marks quicker than any technology. It is further stated that p2p technologies have become subject of many controversial discussions and red rag to the media industry because the technology is often used for the unauthorized distribution of copyrighted material (Aichroth, Hasselbach, Thommes and Ullrich, n.d., p.47). The music industry is suffering huge losses due to decrease i n their sales of record labels which has given rise to legal sanctions ordering the closure of websites indulging in file sharing activities.

Luzhin will give Raskolnikov a job Essay Example for Free

Luzhin will give Raskolnikov a job Essay Raskolnikov saw the harsh way in which Katerina treated Marmeladov and the horrible poverty they lived in. When he brought Marmeladov back he left some money for them because of their evident need. Despite, he himself not being financially stable. He also reasoned that Sonya would need the money for her to make herself pretty so customers would come. He had many things in common with Sonya and as their life progressed they began to realize this. Raskolnikov could not relate to anyone after the murder except for Sonya. He felt a connection, which made him trust her and in time confess to her. Lizaveta was a dear friend to Sonya, who gave her a bible and a cross for Sonya to pray to. When Raskolnikov confessed to Sonya, she was not upset for Lizaveta but for his well being, which shows how much she cares for him. Raskolnikov views Sonya in the same circumstance as himself, both sinners. He believes this because she has this great believe in God but in the meantime she is a prostitute, which is ironic. Konstantin Mochulsky portrayed Sonya and Raskolnikov as guilty of damning her soul as he. `You have ruined a life your own (its the very same thing). Konstantin says that the words in parentheses are filled with malice and a fiendish lie. To lay down ones life for ones fiendish the very same thing as destroying the life of ones neighbor! (Miller, 97). Raskolnikov wants to make Sonya feel guilty about herself because he wants to leave with her. He wants to run away from their problems since they both have a dreadful past here, so they can start a new future in a new place. Raskolnikov first has to keep Dunya from marrying Luzhin. Dunya and Pulcheria have come to Raskolnikov so Dunya can get married to Luzhin, who is a businessman. Luzhin is mean, intolerant, and egotistical. He only wishes to marry Dunya because she is attractive, clever, but very poor and this combination he believes will make her indebted to him. Dunya is engaged to this man but she is only suffering this for her brother. Pulcheria and Dunya would suffer and sacrifice anything for Raskolnikov but he doesnt want such responsibilities on his shoulders. They believe that Raskolnikov has the talent and intellectuality to become a wealthy man but he only needs an opportunity to prove himself, which is why Dunya will marry this self-centered man, Luzhin. Luzhin will give Raskolnikov a job, if Dunya marries him. This agreement would make Dunya suffer and Raskolnikov sees this and will not allow her to put herself on the line for him. Dunya knows that she doesnt want to marry Luzhin and when he came to visit, he made it clear that he wants to be the superior to her. She and everyone else realized that he is a very arrogant person and since he mistreated her brother, she cancelled the wedding. Luzhin believes that it was all Raskolnikovs fault and wants him to suffer. He wants to retaliate through Sonya. Luzhin goes to Sonya and gives her hundred rubles. He then goes to Katerina to tell her that Sonya stole the money but Sonya was saved from his allegations when Lebezyatnikov came in and told them that he saw Luzhin give her the hundred rubles. Luzhin not only embarrassed himself but also made himself seem vindictive and unreliable. Luzhin in the end was suffering because of his heartlessness. Raskolnikov is becoming more paranoid and keeps on almost confessing, every time he is questioned. Porfiry Petrovich is an officer and suspects Raskolnikov of the double murder. Every time the officer has a conversation with Raskolnikov, he gets so fearful and anxious that he has to leave in order to get his cool back. This shows that he is on the verge of confessing because guilt is overtaking his mind and soul. Raskolnikov only feels some normality when he is with Sonya. Sonya is vulnerable and he likes her kindness even though she also has a hard life. All the Characters in Crime and Punishment cause suffering upon themselves. It is not done in an intentional way but after they suffer they begin to feel redemption. Marmeladov liked to suffer and only felt human when he got punished. Sonya, Dunya and Pulcheria suffered for the sake of their families because they believed that it was for a better cause. Luzhin suffered because he was too egocentric to realize that he was hurting himself. Raskolnikov believed that he was murdering the pawnbroker for the sake of human kind but instead it ruined his life because he was consumed with guilt. The regret mainly came from killing the innocent sister, which made him isolate himself even more. The state of suffering that they all experienced was an escape. They knew what they were doing and felt bad or wrong about it. Suffering was their way of paying for their sins. Bibliography Dostoyevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. New York: Penguin Group, 1968. Malamud, Bernard. The Assistant. Oregon: Farrar Strauss Giroux, 1957. Miller, Robin Feur. Critical Essays on Dostoevsky. Boston: G. K. Hall Co. , 1986; 90-100. http://dictionary. reference. com/search? q=suffering.

Impetigo Essay -- Diseases, Disorders

Introduction: Impetigo is a skin infection in the form of a cluster of blisters that usually occurs on the face, but can infect any area of the body. This skin infection can affect all age groups but is most common with toddlers who develop a rash and cannot or do not understand that they need to keep from rubbing or scratching the rash because it could irritate and make the rash bigger and cause other skin or health problems to occur, e.g. impetigo. It is considered as a common skin infection and the most common in America. Ways to prevent and break the chain of infection is to practice regular hand hygiene and sterilize materials and objects that had contact with the infected area. Etiology: This bacterial infection is usually caused by the bacteria staphylococcal (staph) or streptococcal (strep) and methicillin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA) is now becoming a common cause of this skin infection (PubMed Health, 2010). Staphylococcal is a derived from the Greek words staphyle and kokkos, meaning a bunch of grapes and berries because that is how one version of the infection appears, e.g. skin infection (impetigo), in a cluster of boils and the visualization is of grapes under a microscope (Stoppler, 2012). A strain of the staph bacteria, MRSA, is resistant to most antibiotics, making it difficult to treat (Levine, 2010). There are several strains of strep infections; however streptococcal pyogenes is the strain of strep that causes impetigo. Strep takes on the form of a chain of bacteria or linked beads under the microscope (Fox, 2010). These bacteria all seep into the open wound and manifest. Staph can usually live on the skin and can easily invade wounds and grow. This is a way that MRSA infects the body; because ... ...ions. In KidsHealth from Nemours. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/skin/impetigo.html. Fox, A. (2010). Bacteriology - Chapter twelve streptococci. In Microbiology and Immunology On-line. Retrieved from http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/streptococci.htm. Impetigo. (2005). In H. Marcovitch (Ed.), Black’s Medical Dictionary (pp. 356-357, 41st edition). Lanham: Scarecrow Press, Inc. Levine, N. (2010). Understanding mrsa infection -- The basics. In WebMD. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-mrsa- methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus. PubMed Health. (2010). Impetigo. In PubMed Health. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001863/. Stoppler, M.C. (2012). Staph infection. In MedicineNet.com. Retrieved from http://www.medicinenet.com/staph_infection/article.htm. Impetigo Essay -- Diseases, Disorders Introduction: Impetigo is a skin infection in the form of a cluster of blisters that usually occurs on the face, but can infect any area of the body. This skin infection can affect all age groups but is most common with toddlers who develop a rash and cannot or do not understand that they need to keep from rubbing or scratching the rash because it could irritate and make the rash bigger and cause other skin or health problems to occur, e.g. impetigo. It is considered as a common skin infection and the most common in America. Ways to prevent and break the chain of infection is to practice regular hand hygiene and sterilize materials and objects that had contact with the infected area. Etiology: This bacterial infection is usually caused by the bacteria staphylococcal (staph) or streptococcal (strep) and methicillin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA) is now becoming a common cause of this skin infection (PubMed Health, 2010). Staphylococcal is a derived from the Greek words staphyle and kokkos, meaning a bunch of grapes and berries because that is how one version of the infection appears, e.g. skin infection (impetigo), in a cluster of boils and the visualization is of grapes under a microscope (Stoppler, 2012). A strain of the staph bacteria, MRSA, is resistant to most antibiotics, making it difficult to treat (Levine, 2010). There are several strains of strep infections; however streptococcal pyogenes is the strain of strep that causes impetigo. Strep takes on the form of a chain of bacteria or linked beads under the microscope (Fox, 2010). These bacteria all seep into the open wound and manifest. Staph can usually live on the skin and can easily invade wounds and grow. This is a way that MRSA infects the body; because ... ...ions. In KidsHealth from Nemours. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/skin/impetigo.html. Fox, A. (2010). Bacteriology - Chapter twelve streptococci. In Microbiology and Immunology On-line. Retrieved from http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/streptococci.htm. Impetigo. (2005). In H. Marcovitch (Ed.), Black’s Medical Dictionary (pp. 356-357, 41st edition). Lanham: Scarecrow Press, Inc. Levine, N. (2010). Understanding mrsa infection -- The basics. In WebMD. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-mrsa- methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus. PubMed Health. (2010). Impetigo. In PubMed Health. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001863/. Stoppler, M.C. (2012). Staph infection. In MedicineNet.com. Retrieved from http://www.medicinenet.com/staph_infection/article.htm.

Injuries in hockey Essay

In hockey you need both general fitness and specific fitness. You need good strength, stamina, speed, agility, balance, co-ordination, fast reactions and many more. All these can help every individual become better at their sport and have better health. These fitness needs can also prevent many injuries as you are less agile to your sport. Fitness levels can also be affected by many things such as illness, weight, alcohol and drugs, dieting and psychological factors. You should always warm up before physical workout and cool down afterwards. There are many factors that can cause injury but also many ways to prevent them. Injuries are both internally caused and externally caused. Internal injuries are self caused where you over use the muscles and external injuries are caused equipment, environmental conditions or opponents. Injuries can occur due to the weather (environment), being overweight causing heart problems, breathing problems, joint and foot problems etc, physical ability, the wrong equipment and facilities. These can be prevented by setting realistic targets, pre participation screening, carrying out fitness programmes in pre season, using appropriate equipment, do not over train or train while hurt. Enforcing rules helps prevention of dangerous use of sticks and careless play of the ball. Also seek medical attention sooner rather than later and get adequate nutrition. Injured people should not be moved unless they them self say that it is ok. If more attention is paid to extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors, injuries can be a lot less frequent. The same injuries can occur in many different sports in different situations but there can be more common injuries in each individual sport such as legs in football, shoulder or arm in javelin and hands or ankles in netball etc. Environmental injuries are things such as frostbite, hypothermia, exhaustion and heat stroke. Injuries can also occur due to physiological reasons making the person become fatigue, have muscle soreness and depletion of energy reserves. Before carrying out a session in the individual sport, a risk assessment should be preformed as there are others risk factors that should be identified such as slippery surfaces, equipment left out, food or drink that may be tipped in the training area. You can outline whether or not the area is suitable for that sport or the right age group and if not, how the safety issues could be improved. You also have to take into consideration the age of the sportsperson as already mentioned. In hockey, it is important that the right equipment and footwear is worn to prevent injuries and to have a pre game warm up and stretching. Overall, a hockey team needs to wear gum shields to protect their mouth and teeth from hockey balls and sticks, shin guards to protect their legs from sticks also, body protection such genital protectors, gloves to protect hand and knuckles from sticks, Astroturf trainers to get better grip when running and a goalie needs a goalie kit which includes a hard hat, body protectors like abdominal protectors, knee pads, shoulder and elbow pads, chest pad, throat protector, padded shorts and thigh protectors, kickers etc to protect them from flying balls etc. All this equipment should be regularly checked including hockey sticks to ensure they do not put any other player in danger while they are in use. Most injuries in hockey are mainly down to being struck by a hockey stick or hockey balls. Injuries in hockey can be very serious and as it is played in over 132 countries, injuries are very common. Overuse injuries to the ankles and lower back are very common in hockey and can be treated mainly by rest. The face is normally injured by the stick or ball, the lower limb includes injuries to the ankles, knees and feet, and upper body injuries such as hands and forearms. These injuries are pretty serious and the player may need to be hospitalised. There are eight physiological effects of ageing which obviously decrease your playing capability and metabolic rate etc. There would also a decrease in number and size of fibre muscles, a decline in the person cardiac output and muscles. In general, injuries have said to affect people of different ages, such as young children aged between six and nine should not train at such a high level and it should be more fun and lots of variation. People aged ten to twelve should include a lot more technique and co-ordination exercises as this is the right age to improve mobility technique and reflexes. As each child gets older and closer to puberty, they then should be playing sport to suit their maturity and ability. From the age fifteen onwards is when children could begin anaerobic training and strength training as this is more often or not when the muscles and skeleton allow an increased load. Injuries in hockey can be very serious and as the sport is played in over 132 countries, injuries are also very common. Some common injuries apply to most sports such as shin splints, sprains, fractures, pulls etc. Hockey is known as a hard-hitting, collision sport. Players risk injury from high-impact collisions with each other. The knee is frequently injured, with sprains to the medial collateral and capsular ligaments being fairly common. Cruciate ligament tears are less common in hockey and seen more in turf sports, such as football. This is a hospitalised injury which may need ice and bandage to reduce swelling and rest after operation. The Acromioclavicular, or AC, joint separation (separated shoulder) is a common injury. This could be caused by various things such as a hard fall, swinging of stick or hard knock by opposing team. This is also a hospitalised injury which needs support and rest. This is also a common injury where the stick of another player may hit the hand or if the player is to have an awkward fall etc. All these injuries need support and in many cases bandaged up. Most injuries include fractures and torn tendons. It has been said that as many as one-third of injuries are caused by foul play. Many have observed a need for increased vigilance in this area, mainly in adolescence and high school. The enforcement of effective rules has lead to fewer injuries. Players have been said to demonstrate a high level of body dissatisfaction and an elevated drive for thinness. These have been associated with risk of osteoporosis which have been linked to an increased risk of stress fractures, especially in the lumbar region of the lower back. If injuries are left or ignored after so long, they can only get worse. If you look below, you can see a bone scan showing a low-intensity lesion abutting the expanded area of the posterior cortex. A CT scan shows what appears to be an osteoid osteoma or Brodie’s abscess. This is what started off to be just a twisted ankle and not the right treatment. Injuries to the adductors are muscles that run from the inside thigh. These are active while running, twisting and side stepping activities. An injury can occur at any time during these activities or a fall. Pain may begin and aching on the inner thigh. Bruising that appears may track down to the knee at times. The treatment of RICE is rest, ice, compression and elevation. This treatment should be applied immediately. This is reducing more damage by keeping off the injury, applying ice, to compress injury be using bandages etc to reduce swelling and elevate the injured, in order to get blood flowing away from injury to stop internal bleeding and bruising and to speed up recovery. This will assist the resolution of pain and minimise inflammation. Following the RICE solution, you should walk only when really needed. A calf strain is also well known in sport. The two main muscles make up the back of the lower leg (Calf). One is attached above the knee joint. This is the Gastrocnemius and the other one below called the Soleus. These make one thick Achilles tendon that is attached to the back of the heel. Their main action is to raise the heel from the ground, but also assist to bend the knee. They act during walking, running and jumping. The calf can be injured by running and jumping in hockey or when you overload the muscle. Pain may start in the tendon attachment at the back of calf. The RICE treatment could also be applied to this. Players should allow enough time for adequate rehabilitation of injuries, especially full recovery of ankle function, before returning to pre-injury levels of play. There are lots more common injuries in hockey such as Gilmore’s groin caused by running, coughing, kicking etc, hamstring strains, Osgood-Schlatter’s Disease, shin splints, cartilage injury, runners knee and many more. There are less serious injuries such as rubbing causing blisters, cramp, concussion, stitch, groin strain etc. These are mainly bandaged up and use of plasters helps and basically rest is needed. shin splint Sprain and strain of the joint and surrounded tissue are one of the most common sports related injuries (sprain involves the ligament and strain involves muscle or tendon). The typical inflammatory response may include swelling of the injured area, redness, skin discoloration, and reduced range of motion of the joint. R.I.C.E treatment, many athletes have found acupuncture treatment to be very useful in suppress inflammation and swelling fast. Muscles injuries can be caused by muscle damage by direct trauma or indirect trauma. These injuries can be divided into ruptures and haematomas. Ruptures can be total or partial and subdivided into distraction and compression ruptures. Haematomas- inter and intramuscular . Major differences between the treatment and prognosis of the two types. Distraction ruptures are caused by over stretching or overloading. Compression rupture is direct impact which is the muscle pressed against underlining bone. Another solution which is often used to treat injuries is SALTAPS. This is known as: Stop- stop game Ask- ask injured person what happened Look- Look at injury Touch- Feel for any differences e.g. uninjured knee and injured knee Active movement- see what sort of range of movement they have Passive movement- move injured area with hand Stop and start again- rest and come back to sport when ready. Cold treatment with use of ice, decreases sensitivity of painful areas and relaxes muscle spasms. The cold slows nerve impulses to the muscle and decreases blood circulation which helps reduce inflammation. There is also the heat treatment. This treatment should not be started until at least 48 hours after the injury occurred. Same applies to massage. Heat therapy relaxes muscles, relieves pain and accelerates healing by increasing blood flow to a targeted area. Application of heat has many forms, from simply taking a hot shower to sophisticated methods such as ultrasound. Heat should not be used immediately after injury but after swelling has gone down. The RICE treatment should be applied to soft tissue injuries during the first 24-48 hours. Injury at its acute stage, the blood vessels expand and blood clotting procedure may be disrupted. Ointments, liniments and medicines are also used along with muscle training of isometric and static muscle work. There are many different methods of treatment that help injuries repair a lot quicker with the right amount of care. They are all fairly successful but have slightly different procedures applied and some work better than others depending on the server ness of the injury. SALTAPS is immediate treatment to an injury, where as RICE treatment could last up to a few weeks. In many cases, RICE treatment will continue through a player’s career therefore is a more common source of treatment and more well known. Research indicates that nutritional factors, or the lack thereof, can play a significant role in healing and recovery. Three nutrients vitamin C, bioflavonoid and glucosamine sulphate appear to be particularly important. Vitamin C possesses anti- inflammatory properties and can help control the damage that often accompanies tissue injury. Vitamin C is required for collagen fibre synthesis, a process essential for tissue bone repair. Adequate amounts of vitamin C are therefore critical for the stimulation of that process. Each treatment has a different amount of effectiveness on injuries but one or all can often be used through the period of injury in most common sporting injuries. Further ways to reduce and prevent injuries are to apply certain bandaging before play, apply ointments, and reduce length of pitch for younger children. Hockey injury data at all levels should be collected to compare and improve participation. There should be more research and findings on sporting injuries to ensure less likeliness of injury. Coaches should be taught principles of sport-specific conditioning and fitness as part of their training. Other ways to improve sports and prevent injuries is to ensure the right foot wear is worn, equipment is safe and appropriate and that the rules set are followed.

March Calendar of Famous Inventions and Birthdays

Discover what famous event happened on the March calendar concerning patents, trademarks or copyrights, and see which famous inventor has the same March birthday as you or what invention was created on that March calendar day. March Calendar of Inventions, Trademarks, and Patents March 1 1921—Magician and showman Harry Houdini was granted patent #1,370,316 for a divers suit. March 2 1861—The Patent Act of 1861 increased the term of a patent grant from 14 to 17 years; now it is 20 years. March 3 1821—Thomas Jennings received a patent for dry scouring of clothes. He was the first African-American inventor to receive a US patent. March 4 1955—The first radio facsimile, or fax transmission, was sent across the continent.1997—Leonard Kasday received a patent for a way to handle telephone prize opportunities. March 5 1872—George Westinghouse  Jr. patented the steam-air brake.1963—Arthur K. Melin received U.S. Patent Number 3,079,728 on March 5, 1963, for a Hoop Toy, aka the Hula-Hoop. March 6 1899—Felix Hoffmann patented aspirin. He discovered that the compound called salicin found in willow plants provided pain relief.1990—Mel Evenson received a design patent for the ornamental design for a paperclip holder. March 7 1876—Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for the telephone. March 8 1994—Don Ku was granted a patent for a wheeled suitcase with a collapsible towing handle. March 9 1954—Gladys Geissman was granted a patent for a babys garment. March 10 1862—The first U.S. paper money was issued. The denominations were $5, $10 and $20. The paper bills became legal tender by an act of government on March 17, 1862.1891—Almon Strowger was issued a patent for the automatic telephone exchange. March 11 1791—Samuel Mullikin became the first inventor to hold multiple patents. March 12 1935—England established the first 30 mph speed limit for town and village roads.1996—Michael Vost patented a mailbox signaling device. March 13 1877—Chester Greenwood received a patent for earmuffs.1944—Abbott and Costellos baseball routine Whos On First was copyrighted. March 14 1794—Eli Whitney was granted a patent for the cotton gin. March 15 1950—New York City hired Dr. Wallace E. Howell as the citys official rainmaker.1994—William Hartman was issued a patent for a method and apparatus for painting highway markings (stripes, etc.). March 16 1963—The movie  To Kill a Mockingbird, based on Harper Lees novel of the same name, was copyrighted. March 17 1845—The first rubber band was patented by Stephen Perry of London.1885—The Blast Furnace Charger was patented by Fayette Brown. March 18 1910—Rose ONeills Kewpie doll was copyrighted. March 19 1850—Phineas Quimby was issued a patent for a steering mechanism.1994—The largest omelet (1,383 ² ft) in the world was made with 160,000 eggs in Yokohama, Japan. March 20 1883—Jan Matzeliger was issued patent #274,207 for a lasting device for shoes. Matzeligers invention made the mass production of inexpensive shoes possible. March 21 1861—The Constitution of the Confederate States of America established a Patent Office. March 22 1841—Orlando Jones patented cornstarch.1960—Arthur L. Schawlow and Charles H. Townes were issued a patent for the laser. March 23 1836—The coin press was invented by Franklin Beale.1956—West Side Story, a musical play by Leonard Bernstein, was copyrighted. March 24 1959—Charles Townes was granted a patent for the maser, the precursor to the laser. The maser was a big hit, being used to amplify radio signals and as an ultrasensitive detector for space research. March 25 1902—Irving W. Colburn patented the sheet glass drawing machine, making the mass production of glass for windows possible.1975—Cayetano Aguas was issued patent #3,873,284 for a smoke stack washer. March 26 1895—Charles Jenkins patented a motion picture machine.1895—Louis Lumiere patented a motion picture machine. What Lumiere invented was a portable motion-picture camera, a film-processing unit and a projector called the cinematographe — three functions covered in one invention. March 27 1790—The first shoelaces were invented.1990—Harold Osrow and Zvi Bleier received a patent for a portable ice cream machine. March 28 1899—William Fleming received a patent for a player piano using electricity. March 29 1933—42nd Street, the movie, was copyrighted.2000—The Patent and Trademark Office became the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and began operations as a performance-based organization. March 30 1956—Woody Guthries song This Land Is Your Land was copyrighted. March 31 1981—Ananda Chakrabarty patented a new single-cell life form. March Birthdays March 1 1864—Rebecca Lee was the first black woman to get a medical degree. March 2 1876—Gosta Forsell was a noted Swedish radiologist.1902—Nuclear physicist and atomic scientist  Edward Uhler Condon  worked on the Manhattan Project. March 3 1831—George Pullman  invented the railway sleeping car.1838—American astronomer George W. Hill plotted the moons orbit.1841—Canadian oceanographer John Murray discovered the depths of the ocean.1845—German mathematician Georg Cantor discovered transfinite numbers.1847—Alexander Graham Bell  invented the first working telephone.1877—African-American inventor  Garrett Morgan  invented an improved  traffic light  and improved  gas mask.1895—Economist Ragnar Frisch of Norway won the  first Nobel Memorial Prize  in Economics  in 1969.1909—Jay Morris Arena was a noted inventor and pediatrician.1918—American biochemist Arthur Kornberg won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959. March 4 1754—Physician Benjamin Waterhouse invented a smallpox vaccine.1835—Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli discovered the canals of Mars.1909—American builder Harry B. Helmsley designed the  Empire State Building.1934—Ethologist Jane van Lawick-Goodall was a chimp expert who won the 1974 Walker Prize.1939—James Aubrey Turner was a noted scientist. March 5 1574—English mathematician  William Oughtred  invented the slide rule.1637—Dutch painter John van der Heyden invented the fire extinguisher.1794—French physicist Jacques Babinet was  a noted mathematician and astronomer.1824—American physician Elisha Harris founded the American Public Health Association.1825—German photographer Joseph Albert invented the Albertotype.1893—Emmett J. Culligan founded a water treatment organization.1932—Scientist Walter Charles Marshall was a leading theoretician in the atomic properties of matter. March 6 1812—Aaron Lufkin Dennison was considered the father of American watchmaking.1939—Computer  inventor  Adam Osborne is the founder of the Osborne Computer Corporation. March 7 1765—French inventor  Joseph Niepce  made the first photographic image with a camera obscura.1837—Henry Draper was an  astro-spectro photographer who photographed the moon and Jupiter.1938—American scientist David Baltimore made key contributions in cancer research and is a 1975 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. March 8 1787—Karl Ferdinand von Grafe was the father of modern plastic surgery.1862—Joseph Lee developed playgrounds.1879—German physicist and chemist Otto Hahn won the Nobel Prize in 1944 for his discovery of radiothorium and actinium.1886—Chemist  Edward Kendall  isolated cortisone and won the Nobel Prize in 1950. March 9 1791—American surgeon George Hayward was the first to use ether anesthesia.  1900—American scientist  Howard Aiken  invented the Mark I computer.1923—French fashion designer Andre Courreges invented the miniskirt.1943—American Jef Raskin was a pioneering computer scientist. March 10 1940—Psychologist Wayne Dyer wrote The Universe Within You. March 11 1811—Urbain Jean Joseph  Le  Verrier codiscovered Neptune.1832—German  physicist Franz Melde invented the Melde test.1879—Danish chemist Niels Bjerrum invented pH tests.1890—American scientist  Vannevar Bush  first proposed the basics of hypertext in 1945 that laid the foundation for the internet. March 12 1824—Prussian physicist Gustav R. Kirchoff invented spectral analysis.1831—Clement Studebaker invented the Studebaker car.1838—William Perkin invented the first artificial dye.1862—Jane Delano founded the  Red Cross. March 13 1733—English clergyman and scientist  Joseph Priestley  discovered oxygen and invented a method of making carbonated water.1911—L. Ron Hubbard was a noted sci-fi writer and the first  Scientologist  who invented  Dianetics. March 14 1692—Physicist  Pieter van Musschenbroek  invented the Leyden Jar — the first electrical capacitor.1800—American builder James Bogardus invented ways of making cast-iron buildings.1833—Lucy Hobbs Taylor was the first woman to become a dentist in the United States in 1866.1837—American librarian Charles Ammi Cutter invented expansive classification.1854—German bacteriologist Paul Ehrlich, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1908.1879—German physicist  Albert Einstein  won the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his  theory of relativity. March 15 1801—Coenraad J. van Houten was a Dutch chemist and chocolate maker.1858—American botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey is considered the father of  plant-breeding.1938—English composer Dick Higgins invented the term intermedia and founded Something Else Press. March 16 1806—Norbert Rillieux  invented the sugar refiner.1836—Andrew Smith Hallidie  patented the first cable car.1910—Andrew Miller-Jones was a British television pioneer.1918—American physicist Frederick Reines was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics.1951—Scientist Richard Stallman is an American software freedom activist and programmer. March 17 1787—Physicist  George Simon Ohm  discovered Ohms Law.1834—German car manufacturer  Gottlieb Daimler  invented the first motorcycle.1925—G.M. Hughes was a renowned British zoologist.1925—Physiologist Jerome Lejeune was a geneticist best-known for discovering links of diseases to chromosome abnormalities. March 18 1690—German mathematician Christian Goldbach wrote the Goldbach position.1858—German engineer  Rudolf Diesel  invented the diesel motor.1886—German psychologist Kurt Koffka invented Gestalt therapy. March 19 1892—Neurobiologist Siegfried T. Bok wrote Cybernetica.1900—French physicist Frederic Joliot-Curie  won  the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935. March 20 1856—American inventor and engineer Frederick W. Taylor is best-known as the father of scientific management.1904—American psychologist B.F. Skinner was an author, inventor, behaviorist and social philosopher.1920—Douglas G. Chapman was a biomathematical statistician. March 21 1869—Architect Albert Kahn invented modern factory design.1884—American mathematician George D. Birkhoff discovered aesthetic measure.1932—American scientist Walter Gilbert was a molecular biology pioneer and Nobel laureate. March 22 1868—American physicist Robert A. Millikan discovered the  photoelectric effect  and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923.1907—American scientist James M. Gavin was a military theorist.1924—Al Neuharth founded the newspaper USA Today.1926—American Julius Marmur was a noted biochemist and geneticist.1931—American scientist Burton Richter was a Nobel Prize-winning physicist.1946—American mathematician and computer scientist Rudy Rucker is a popular author in science fiction and science. March 23 1881—German chemist  Hermann Staudinger  was a noted plastics researcher who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1953.1907—Swiss pharmacologist Daniel Bovet won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1957.1912—German  rocket  scientist  Wernher von Braun  was a space architect and aerospace engineer. March 24 1809—French math whiz Joseph Liouville discovered transcendental numbers.1814—American naturalist Galen Clark discovered Mariposa Grove.1835—Austrian physicist Josef Stefan wrote the Stefan-Boltzmann law.1871—British nuclear physicist Ernest Rutherford is considered the father of nuclear physics and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908.1874—Hungarian magician and escape artist  Harry Houdini  invented a divers suit.1884—Dutch physical chemist Peter Debye won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1936.1903—German  biochemist Adolph F.J. Butenandt won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1939.1911—Joseph Barbera was  a noted  animator and  one-half  of Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc.1936—Canadian scientist David Suzuki is a noted television host and narrator.1947—English computer manufacturer Alan Sugar founded Amstrad Computers. March 25 1786—Giovanni B. Amia was an Italian astronomer, physicist, and botanist.1867—Gutzon Borglum was the  Mount Rushmore  sculptor.1914—Italian humanitarian and agronomist Norman Borlaug won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for inventing methods to increase food  supply and was also awarded the  Presidential Medal of Freedom. March 26 1773—Mathematician and astronomer Nathaniel Bowditch invented the marine sextant.1821—Ernst Engel was a German economist.1821—German statistician Earnest Angel wrote the Law of Angel.1885—Robert Blackburn was a pioneer in British aviation.1893—Scientist James Bryant Conant was known for his lasting influence on American science.1908—Robert William Paine was a noted architect.1908—Zoologist Kenneth Mellanby of England was a noted entomologist and ecologist.1911—German-born Bernard Katz was a noted biophysicist noted for his work on nerve physiology.1913—Paul Erdos was a noted Hungarian mathematician known for his work in number theory.1916—American chemist Christian B. Anfinsen researched cell physiology and won the Nobel Prize in 1972.1930—Sandra Day OConnor was the first woman to become a U.S. Supreme Court justice in 1981.1941—English scientist Richard Dawkins is a noted evolutionary biologist. March 27 1780—German inventor and mathematician August L. Crelle built the first Prussian Railway.1844—Adolphus Washington Greely was an American Arctic explorer.1845—Physicist  Wilhelm Conrad von Rontgen  discovered X-rays and won the  Nobel Prize  in Physics in 1901.1847—German chemist Otto Wallach won the Nobel Prize in 1910.1863—Henry Royce invented the Rolls-Royce.1905—Hungarian mathematician Laszlo Kalmar discovered  mathematical  logic and was the founder of theoretical computer science in Hungary.1922—Margaret Stacey was a noted sociologist. March 28 1942—American philosopher Daniel Dennett is a researcher of cognitive science and evolutionary biology. March 29 1883—American chemist Van Slyke invented  micromanometric  analysis. March 30 1842—Dr. Crawford Long was the first physician to use ether as an anesthetic.1865—German physicist Heinrich Rubens was  known for his measurements of the energy of black-body radiation, which led Max Planck to the discovery of his radiation law.  Ã‚  1876—Clifford Whittingham Beers was a mental hygiene pioneer.1892—Polish mathematician Stefan Banach is considered one of the most important and influential 20th-century mathematicians.1894—Sergei Ilyushin was a noted builder of Russian airplanes.1912—Andrew Rodger Waterson was a noted naturalist. March 31 1811—German chemist Robert Wilhelm Eberhard von Bunsen invented the  Bunsen  burner.1854—Dugald Clerk invented a 2-stroke motorcycle engine.1878—Jack Johnson  was the first black heavyweight boxing champ (1908-1915) and invented a wrench.1950—Pathologist Alison McCartney is a noted breast cancer campaigner.